原位自生TiB_2/Al复合材料磨削表面质量研究

原位自生TiB_2/Al复合材料具有密度小,比强度高,比模量大等特点,在航空航天领域具有广泛的应用前景。为探索原位自生TiB_2/Al复合材料的磨削加工性能,选用单晶刚玉SA砂轮、白刚玉WA砂轮和CBN砂轮在不同磨削参数下对TiB_2/Al复合材料进行磨削试验。首先研究了砂轮材质、转速、工件速度、磨削深度对工件表面粗糙度的影响规律;其次通过对工件表面形貌、磨屑形态、砂轮磨损的观测分析,探索了原位自生TiB_2/Al复合材料磨削表面成形机制;最后基于试验数据,给出了TiB_2/Al复合材料磨削工艺参数优选域。本研究可为颗粒增强金属基复合材料磨削加工提供基础理论支撑。     

A high-order model of rotating stall in axial compressors with inlet distortion

In this paper,a high-order distortion model is proposed for analyzing the rotating stall inception process induced by inlet distortion in axial compressors.A distortion-generating screen in the compressor inlet is considered.By assuming a quadratic function for the local flow total pressure-drop,the existing Mansoux model is extended to include the effects of static inlet distor tion,and a new high-order distortion model is derived.To illustrate the effectiveness of the distortion model,numerical simulations are performed on an eighteenth-order model.It is demonstrated that long length-scale disturbances emerge out of the distorted background flow,and further induce the onset of rotating stall in advance.In addition,the circumferential non-uniform distribution and time evolution of the axial flow are also shown to be consistent with the existing features.It is thus shown that the high-order distortion model is capable of describing the transient behavior of stall inception and will contribute further to stall detection under inlet distortion.     

前进速率对搅拌摩擦加工ZK60镁合金组织和力学性能的影响

对铸态ZK60镁合金进行搅拌摩擦加工,在转速为800r/min,前进速率为50~200mm/min的条件下,获得表面平整、无宏观缺陷的材料,并对其组织和力学性能进行研究。研究结果表明:剧烈的塑性变形使搅拌区的晶粒相对于铸态母材得到了明显细化,随着前进速率的增加,搅拌区平均晶粒尺寸先减小后增大。搅拌区细晶组织的显微硬度及抗拉强度相比于铸态母材有所提高,而伸长率显著提高。在转速为800r/min,前进速率为100mm/min的加工条件下,搅拌区的晶粒最为细小均匀,其平均晶粒尺寸为6.9μm,材料的硬度、抗拉强度和伸长率分别为70.1HV,276 MPa和31.6%。     

高光谱成像技术的应用与发展

介绍了国外先进高光谱成像载荷发展情况和国内以高分五号载荷为代表的高光谱成像技术发展水平,凭借在光谱分辨率、空间分辨率、成像质量等方面取得的长足进步,广泛应用于资源勘探和环境监测等多个重要领域。分析了Offner结构和Dyson结构的推扫型成像仪的特点,提出未来凝视型成像方式的发展前景,并介绍了目前基于AOTF分光方法的中红外高光谱成像仪,实现了较好的光谱成像效果。     

基于疏水功能表面的飞机防覆冰机理研究进展

如何规避飞机结冰产生的飞行安全隐患一直是航空领域的重要问题。近年来,疏水材料表面被动防覆冰概念被提出并快速发展起来。首先介绍了在液滴冲击阶段防止表面结冰的机理及方法,系统综述了包括减少水滴与表面接触时间以及减少冰核形成时间的研究方案。又进一步介绍了液滴结冰后的防覆冰机理,综述了通过优化疏水表面性能及微纳结构形貌减小冰黏附力的研究进展。最后对疏水表面防覆冰的发展趋势进行了展望。     

教练机跨代衔接性关键技术分析

飞行员培养是循序渐进的过程,一般需要经历不同训练阶段及配套教练机.飞行学员能力的成长是一种以习惯养成、技能生成为核心的训练过程,教练难度大、风险高、周期长,不同教练机之间的衔接性直接影响飞行学员能否顺利"晋级",并间接影响其技能的接受程度、习惯的养成深度以及飞行文化的形成高度,最终影响飞行训练成才率.本文通过分析国际教练机体系发展在衔接性方面的考虑,结合飞行学员能力成长特点,总结教练机跨代衔接在飞行性能、人机界面、操纵特性等方面存在的关键技术及解决措施,为探索新的训练体系提供参考.     

中国空间地球科学发展现状及未来策略

空间地球科学是以空间对地观测为主要信息获取手段，研究地球系统的各圈层及之间的相互作用、过程与演变，对地球进行系统研究的综合性交叉学科.为纪念空间科学学会成立40周年，本文系统回顾了中国空间地球科学的发展历程，分析当前面临的机遇与挑战，进而提出中国空间地球科学未来发展的建议.      

高大地物对于中波导航台的无源干扰特性

航空中波无线电导航台站的周边建筑和电磁环境均有相关要求。随着城市的发展,中波导航台站周边环境存在着较大的变化,经过前期的调研发现,高大地物是无源干扰的重要组成部分。本文通过对电磁学计算方法的分析,选用矩量法作为研究的数值方法,建立了地物的仿真模型。通过FEKO软件的仿真,分析了地物无源干扰的重要特性。     

Research on vibration suppression of a mistuned blisk by a piezoelectric network

The work aims to provide a further investigation of the dynamic characteristics of an integral bladed disk(also called ‘blisk') with a Parallel Piezoelectric Network(PPN). The PPN is constructed by parallelly interconnecting the piezoelectric patches distributed in the blisk. Two kinds of PPN are considered, namely mono-periodic PPN and bi-periodic PPN. The former has a piezoelectric patch in each sector, and the later has one patch every few sectors. The vibration suppression performance of both kinds of PPN has been studied through modal analysis, forced response analysis, and statistical analysis. The research results turn out that the PPN will only affect mechanical frequencies near the electrical frequency clusters slightly, and the bi-periodic PPN will make the nodal diameter spectrum of the modes more complex, but the amplitude corresponding to the new nodal diameter component is much smaller than that of the nodal diameter component corresponding to the mono-periodic system. The mechanical coupling between the blades and the disk plays an important role in the damping effect of the PPN, and it should be paid attention to in applications. The mono-periodic PPN can effectively suppress the amplitude magnification of the forced response induced by the mistuning of the blisk; meanwhile, it can mitigate the vibration localization of the mistuned electromechanical system. If piezoelectric patches are set only in part of the sectors, the bi-periodic PPN still has a vibration suppression ability, but the effect is related to the number and spatial distribution of the piezoelectric patches.     

不同驱动电压波形对电润湿液体透镜驱动效率的影响

研制了测试电润湿液体透镜在驱动电压作用下变焦过程的装置，详细分析了测试机理，用该装置实验研究了交流电压、交直流混合电压及直流电压三种不同波形驱动电润湿液体透镜的变焦过程，结果表明交流电压的驱动效率最高，交直流混合电压驱动效率次之，直流电压驱动效率最低；并对这一结果作出了合理的解释。